烟草在线据VIVA新闻报道编译　　印尼政府为保护公众健康免受吸烟危险而采取的措施，以迂回的方式摧毁了家庭卷烟业。如果有这么多新的政府法规，能幸存下来的公司只有那些大规模的跨国烟草制造商。

　　Kudus卷烟公司协会主席Hafash Gunawan说：“过去有数千家丁香烟制造商。但自2005年以来，只剩下了几十家了。”

　　据Hafash Gunawan说，小规模丁香卷烟业的经营变得更为艰难。政府关于不断变化，且越来越繁重的卷烟税的法规，使丁香烟的经营非常困难。

　　自2005年以来，印尼政府已经制定了更多具体的烟草法规。他说：“如今，烟税的计算更具体到每支卷烟。”

　　加入了跨国卷烟公司的印尼当地公司更幸运一些。由于得到较大的公司支持，它们通常能够在约束加大的环境下幸存下来。

　　Hafash Gunawan说：“如今，好像是让卷烟业去与国家官员相斗。”

　　在反烟活动众多的环境下，更多国际规模的卷烟公司投资印尼。这些公司在印尼开展业务，控制现有的小规模公司。

　　从挽救丁香烟国家联盟的记录中透露出，自2005年2月世界卫生组织推出《烟草控制框架公约》以来，跨国公司就向许多发展中国家扩张卷烟业务。

　　它们是通过拓展市场、合并和收购来完成扩张的。

　　不过，美国作为世界卫生组织的总部，还必须签署《烟草控制框架公约》。

　　到目前为止，由于美国政府发布了在美国禁止丁香烟的法令，印尼丁香烟业正变得更为艰难。但美国却没有禁止“白色”卷烟的经销。

　　美国的这项法令迫使印尼政府向世界贸易组织提起上诉。但在2011年9月2日星期五，世界贸易组织决定驳回印尼的诉讼，并禁止在美国销售丁香烟，不过仍然允许出售薄荷卷烟。

Small Tobacco Companies May Stop Production

VIVA News
Mar 28, 2012

　　The government's measures to protect the public's health from the danger of smoking has in a roundabout way destroy home cigarette industry.  Provided the many new government regulations, the only tobacco companies that can survive the business are large-scale and multinational producers.

　　"There used to be thousands of kretek cigarette producers. Since 2005, only dozens are left," said Chairman of Kudus Cigarette Companies Society, Hafash Gunawan.

　　According to Hafash, the small-sized kretek cigarette industries are getting harder to operate. The government's regulations on cigarette taxes that are constantly changing and increasingly burdensome have made business difficult.

　　Since 2005, the government has established more specific tobacco regulations. "Now the tax calculation is more specific to per cigarette," he said.

　　Local companies that have joined multinational cigarette companies are more fortunate. They usually survived the regulating conditions because of the larger companies' support.

　　"Nowadays, it is as if the cigarette industry is pitted against the state officials," said Hafash.

　　Amid anti-smoking campaigns, more international-scale cigarette companies are investing in Indonesia. These companies started business in Indonesia by controlling the existing small-scale companies.

　　From the record of Kretek Rescue National Coalition (KNKP), it is revealed that since (Framework Convention on Tobacco Control/FCTC) World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2005, there has been a multinational corporation business expansion of foreign cigarettes into many developing countries.

　　Their measures are taken by expansion of the market, merger, and company acquisition.

　　However, the United States of America, as the WHO headquarters, has yet to ratify the FTCT treaty.

　　To date, the national kretek cigarette industry ecosystem is getting more difficult since the US government issued out a ban against clove cigarettes (kretek) in the U.S. The nation did not ban the distribution of "white" cigarettes.

　　The regulation has forced the Indonesian government to appeal to the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, on Friday, 2 September 2011, WTO decided to reject Indonesia's suit and banned the sale of kretek cigarettes in the U.S., but still allowed the sale of menthol cigarettes.